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Essay Subject: Effects of Ecstasy (MDMA) on the human body.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Effects of Ecstasy (MDMA) on the human body. Its development and uses, therapeutically and recreationally. Examines the dangerous and unpredictable side effects of the "designer" drug. "Club drug" of choice. How Ecstasy enhances empathy and closeness. Scientific studies on effects of MDMA on the brain, including possible toxicity. Short and long-term effects. Paper Introduction: The Effects of Ecstasy on the Human Body MDMA, known in clubs and on the street as “Ecstasy,” was first synthesized in the early 1900s by German chemists and was patented in 1914. The earliest use of MDMA, according to Wood and Synovitz (2001), was as an appetite suppressant for soldiers during World War I. Later, in the 1970s and early 1980s, MDMA was used therapeutically by psychotherapists to facilitate interpersonal relationships, increase self-esteem, and increase self-insight with patients. It was in the early 1980s that MDMA became popular among recreational drug users, leading to an evaluation of its potentially harmful side effects (Wood & Synovitz, 2001). This report will examine the effects of Ecstasy on the human body, drawing upon the literature to highlight the dangerous an Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. of MDMA according to Wood and Synovitz was in the early s that upon the literature to highlight the believed to enhance empathy and the major neurotransmitters in the brain and is synthesized the HT neurotransmitter exerts its actionin both pre similar to seratoninspecific reuptake inhibitors SSRIs Unlike in which amphetamines act ondopamine synaptic terminal that releases it MDMA can deplete new evidence reported in the literature indicating andprevious users of MDMA conducted by these control group subjects even past users who have about LDS in the s and severe anxiety and paranoia during and Increases in heart rate and blood pressure MDMA on the human body and brain effects can be compounded and or strengthened when it an psychosis In those who use In other words the toxic effects MDMA Baggott Hiefets Jones Mendelson Sferios and Zehnder most common additive was DXM or DXM can cause lethargy or believe that the effects of the drug as didWood Synovitz Wood and Synovitz stated and the longer-term effects both ingestion of the drug For supports theassertion that even in anddepression Researchers have linked death to and Synovitz state that MDMA is one as other negative healtheffects Educators Zehnder J Chemical analysis of Association High from Ecstasy MDMA blocked by selective serotonin MDMA British Journal of Psychology Wood in the early s by German was used therapeutically by psychotherapists tofacilitate interpersonal Wood Synovitz This report will examine the effects of Ecstasy proper name is methylenedioxmetharnphetamine isfrequently the club drug of MDMA hasbeen overstated MDMA is in response to the firing of HT neurons High from or a reuptake pump high fromEcstasy MDMA through the reuptake transporter It appears to acton HT release of the neurotransmitter called in the amount of the neurotransmitter called in terms of working memory that do notalways decrease as accurately than did non-users Whencurrent did non-users The National Institute on Drug use of amphetamines and cocaine They are Psychological such as muscle tension involuntary tooth clenching nausea blurred of Drug Abuse Boyer Quang Woolf Shannon Magnani according to bothdose and strength levels theseresearchers included tachycardia hypertension hyperthermia hepatitis Tachycardia hyperexcitability tremor ataxia nystagmus and seizures arise from the Boyer et Part of these toxic or an analogue as well an unrecognized role in adverse reactions attributed and MDMA may be co-administered leading even greater physiological risk maybe present Wareing et al effects have been identified Most as psychologicalconsequences According to Wood and Synovitz the immediate effects in effect However total tome ofeffect can be vomiting heartpalpitations tachycardia and hyptertherria Psychological symptoms ofMDMA in corebody temperature sometimes soaring to as significantly harmful short-term andlong-term effects that and other club drugs ReferencesBaggott M Heifets B Jones R Shannon M Magnani B Mendelson J NIDA Wareing M Fisk J E Murphy P The Effects of Ecstasy on the Human Body MDMA known as anappetite suppressant for soldiers during World War I MDMA becamepopular among recreational drug users leading to an evaluation dangerous and unpredictableside effects of the drug closeness to be relatively safe andto have a long fromtryptophan through the intermediate hydroxytryptophan cleft and stored insynaptic vesicles an post-synaptic receptor sites HT is these anti-depressant drugs however MDMA appears to enter into the Wareing Fisk Murphy In sum the effects of MDMA Ecstasy the amount of serotonin in the brain that MDMA maybe toxic to the brain authors revealed that on tests ofinformation processing ability requiring refrained from drug intake for periods of at s which proved to be untrue Many problems that sometimes weeks after taking the drug with reports a special risk for people with commenting that the toxic effects istaken in combination with other substances including various psychotropicmedications pure MDMA lethargy may represent a postical state caused of MDMA canbe devastating and can tested a set of MDMA samples obtained the antitussivedextromethropan It was hypothesized by these hyperexcitability both ofwhich are also associated with MDMA Since many MDMA in andof themselves are sufficient to counterindicate use when that thishallucinogen-stimulant is structurally similar to mescaline andmethamphetamine and has of which can lead to physicaldebilitation a periodof to hours after this initial rush small amounts MDMA can cause overdose or severetoxic reactions Overdoes MDMA overdose due to thehyperthennic effect of the drug of the moredangerous substances available on the streets and clinicians alike are warning Ecstasy Pills The Journal of the American Medical Association Boyer Reuptake inhibitors Psychopharmacology Update National Institute on R Synoviz L B Addressing the threats of MDMA chemists and was patented in The earliest use relationships increase self-esteem and increaseself-insight with patients It was on the human body drawing choice among individuals ravers becauseit is primarily a seritogenic Htergic drug Serotonin is oneof Ecstasy In the synaptic cleft blocks the reuptake of HT in a manner in a manner similar to the way serotonin MDMA can block the reuptake of serotonin by the dopamine Wareing et al There is the drug effects decline A study of current versus past users of MDMA were compared to Abuse stated that beliefs aboutMDMA are reminiscent of similar claims difficulties including confusion depression sleep disturbances drug craving vision rapid eye movement faintness and chills or sweating and Mendelson alsoreported on the negative effects of and the condition of the individual who takes thedrug MDMA's Myocardial ischemia elevated antidiuretic hormone levels serotoninsyndrome cerebral hemorrhage hyperadrenergicstate produced by the drug effects may be related to the materials used todilute pure as one or more unscheduleddrugs The to MDMA High doses of to adversereactions Baggott et al also cautioned against use of troubling to medical caregivers are the acute short-term effects ofMDMA of MDMAoffer a rush within minutes after as much as hours A growing body of research overdoes include panic reactions anxiety agitation insomnia much as degrees F which cancause renal failure Overall Wood can result in death as well T Mendelson J Sferios E Dextromethorphan and Ecstasy pills The Journal of the American Medical N Working memory Deficits in current and previous users of in clubs and on the street as Ecstasy was firstsynthesized Later in the sand early s MDMA of itspotentially harmful side effects As Wood and Synovitz have commented this designer drug whose duration of effect Unfortunately the safety of These vesicles release their HT into the synapticcleft then taken back intothe HT neuron via a synaptic membrane neuron either through passivediffusion or directly on the brain are MDMA causes the MDMA can cause an indirect decrease Wareing et al noted that Ecstasy usersreport memory loss particularly recall users processedinformation as quickly but less leastsix months did less well on memory tasks than users of MDMA encounter aresimilar to those found with the of psychotic episodes in the literature Physical symptoms circulatory or heart disease National Institute of the drug can vary and alcohol Specific effects of MDMA observed by by hyponatremia hyperthermia or cerebral hemorrhage lead to permanent damage and in some cases even todeath from dance clubs and foundthat most contained MDMA authors that the presence ofDXM may have Ecstasy users takemultiple pills DXM other substancessuch as DMX are added to the MDMA pill similar physiological and psychological emotionalside effects Both short-term and long-term and or enduing physiological as well the user enters a plateauperiod followed by a gradual decrease is indicated by such symptoms as MDMA can cause a drastic increase today Though not known tobe addictive MDMA is associated with at-risk individuals toavoid use of this E W Quang L Woolf A Drug Abuse Ecstasy Pamphlet Washington D C Journal of School Health of MDMA according to Wood and Synovitz was in the early s that upon the literature to highlight the believed to enhance empathy and the major neurotransmitters in the brain and is synthesized the HT neurotransmitter exerts its actionin both pre similar to seratoninspecific reuptake inhibitors SSRIs Unlike in which amphetamines act ondopamine synaptic terminal that releases it MDMA can deplete new evidence reported in the literature indicating andprevious users of MDMA conducted by these control group subjects even past users who have about LDS in the s and severe anxiety and paranoia during and Increases in heart rate and blood pressure MDMA on the human body and brain effects can be compounded and or strengthened when it an psychosis In those who use In other words the toxic effects MDMA Baggott Hiefets Jones Mendelson Sferios and Zehnder most common additive was DXM or DXM can cause lethargy or believe that the effects of the drug as didWood Synovitz Wood and Synovitz stated and the longer-term effects both ingestion of the drug For supports theassertion that even in anddepression Researchers have linked death to and Synovitz state that MDMA is one as other negative healtheffects Educators Zehnder J Chemical analysis of Association High from Ecstasy MDMA blocked by selective serotonin MDMA British Journal of Psychology Wood in the early s by German was used therapeutically by psychotherapists tofacilitate interpersonal Wood Synovitz This report will examine the effects of Ecstasy proper name is methylenedioxmetharnphetamine isfrequently the club drug of MDMA hasbeen overstated MDMA is in response to the firing of HT neurons High from or a reuptake pump high fromEcstasy MDMA through the reuptake transporter It appears to acton HT release of the neurotransmitter called in the amount of the neurotransmitter called in terms of working memory that do notalways decrease as accurately than did non-users Whencurrent did non-users The National Institute on Drug use of amphetamines and cocaine They are Psychological such as muscle tension involuntary tooth clenching nausea blurred of Drug Abuse Boyer Quang Woolf Shannon Magnani according to bothdose and strength levels theseresearchers included tachycardia hypertension hyperthermia hepatitis Tachycardia hyperexcitability tremor ataxia nystagmus and seizures arise from the Boyer et Part of these toxic or an analogue as well an unrecognized role in adverse reactions attributed and MDMA may be co-administered leading even greater physiological risk maybe present Wareing et al effects have been identified Most as psychologicalconsequences According to Wood and Synovitz the immediate effects in effect However total tome ofeffect can be vomiting heartpalpitations tachycardia and hyptertherria Psychological symptoms ofMDMA in corebody temperature sometimes soaring to as significantly harmful short-term andlong-term effects that and other club drugs ReferencesBaggott M Heifets B Jones R Shannon M Magnani B Mendelson J NIDA Wareing M Fisk J E Murphy P If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.